% HACETTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ
% Yüksek Lisans ve Doktora Tez Yazımı için LaTex biçim dosyası
% 
%
%    for LaTeX version 2.09
% Copyright (C) 1988 by Leslie Lamport and Rusty C. Wright
%
%   düzenlemeler  Uğur Baysal (mart 1999)

\typeout{Leslie Lamport `ucthesis' <20 Jun 1988> bicim dosyasi,}
\typeout {Ugur Baysal tarafindan duzenlenmistir <Mart 1999>.}

% PREPARING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE VERSION:
%
% This document style is for documents prepared in the English language.
% To prepare a version for another language, various English words must
% be replaced.  All the English words that required replacement are
% indicated below, where we give the name of the command in which the
% words appear, and the entire line containing the word(s), with the
% actual words underlined.
% 
% \tableofcontents:
%   \fi\chapter*{Contents\@mkboth{CONTENTS}{CONTENTS}}
%                ~~~~~~~~         ~~~~~~~~  ~~~~~~~~
% \listoffigures:
%   \fi\chapter*{List of Figures\@mkboth
%                ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
%    {LIST OF FIGURES}{LIST OF FIGURES}}\@starttoc{lof}\if@restonecol
%     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
% \listoftables:
%   \fi\chapter*{List of Tables\@mkboth
%                ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
%    {LIST OF TABLES}{LIST OF TABLES}}\@starttoc{lot}\if@restonecol
%     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
% \thebibliography:
% \def\thebibliography#1{\chapter*{Bibliography\@mkboth
%                                  ~~~~~~~~~~~~
%   {BIBLIOGRAPHY}{BIBLIOGRAPHY}}\list
%    ~~~~~~~~~~~~  ~~~~~~~~~~~~
% \theindex:
% \columnsep 35pt\twocolumn[\@makeschapterhead{Index}]
%                                              ~~~~~
%     \@mkboth{INDEX}{INDEX}\thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
%              ~~~~~  ~~~~~
% figure and table environments:
% \def\fnum@figure{Figure \thefigure}
%                  ~~~~~~
% \def\fnum@table{Table \thetable}
%                 ~~~~~
% \chapter:
% \def\@chapapp{Chapter}
%               ~~~~~~~
% \part:
%       \huge\bf Part \thepart         %   THEN Print 'Part' and number
%                ~~~~

% CHOOSING THE TYPE SIZE:
%
%  The type size option is handled by reading a different file for each 
%  size, as follows, to define font size-specific commands:
%       10pt : uct10, 11pt : uct11, 12pt : uct12
%  Implemented by \def'ing \@ptsize to last digit of file name.
%

\def\@ptsize{2}               % Default is uct12.sty
\@namedef{ds@10pt}{\def\@ptsize{1}} % 10pt option reads in uct11.sty
\@namedef{ds@12pt}{\def\@ptsize{2}} % 12pt option reads in uct12.sty

%  Two-side or one-side printing.
%
% \@twosidefalse               %  Default is one-sided printing.
\def\ds@twoside{\@twosidetrue  %  Defines twoside option.
	   \@mparswitchtrue}   %    Marginpars go on outside of page.
%  draft option
%
% \overfullrule = 0pt             % Default is don't mark overfull hboxes.
\def\ds@draft{\ssp                % Single-spaces and
\overfullrule 5pt}                % causes overfull hboxes to be marked.

% The \@options command causes the execution of every command \ds@FOO 
% which is defined and for which the user typed the FOO option in his
% \documentstyle command.  For every option BAR he typed for which
% \ds@BAR is not defined, the file BAR.sty will be read after the present
% (main) .STY file is executed.

\@options

%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%#########   U G U R T 1 2 . S T Y    B A Ş L A N G I C I     #############
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################


% UCTHESIS DOCUMENT STYLE -- Released 20 June 1988.
%    for LaTeX version 2.09
% Copyright (C) 1987 by Leslie Lamport and Rusty C. Wright.

% PREPARING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE VERSION:
%
% This document style is for documents prepared in the English language.
% To prepare a version for another language, various English words must
% be replaced.  All the English words that required replacement are
% indicated below, where we give the name of the command in which the
% words appear, and the entire line containing the word(s), with the
% actual words underlined.
% 
% \chapter and \appendix
%   \def\@chapapp{Appendix}
%                 ~~~~~~~~

%  ****************************************
%  *               FONTS                  *
%  ****************************************
%

\lineskip 1pt            % \lineskip is 1pt for all font sizes.
\normallineskip 1pt
%\def\baselinestretch{1.37}
\def\baselinestretch{1.50}

% Each size-changing command \SIZE executes the command
%        \@setsize\SIZE{BASELINESKIP}\FONTSIZE\@FONTSIZE
% where:
%   BASELINESKIP = Normal value of \baselineskip for that size.  (Actual 
%                  value will be \baselinestretch * BASELINESKIP.)
%
%  \FONTSIZE     = Name of font-size command.  The currently available
%                  (preloaded) font sizes are: \vpt (5pt), \vipt (6pt),
%                  \viipt (etc.), \viiipt, \ixpt, \xpt, \xipt, \xiipt,
%                  \xivpt, \xviipt, \xxpt, \xxvpt.
%  \@FONTSIZE    = The same as the font-size command except with an
%                  '@' in front---e.g., if \FONTSIZE = \xivpt then
%                  \@FONTSIZE = \@xivpt.
%
% For reasons of efficiency that needn't concern the designer,
% the document style defines \@normalsize instead of \normalsize .  This is
% done only for \normalsize, not for any other size-changing commands.

\def\@normalsize{\@setsize\normalsize{14.5pt}\xiipt\@xiipt
\abovedisplayskip 12pt plus3pt minus7pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip  \z@ plus3pt%   
\belowdisplayshortskip  6.5pt plus3.5pt minus3pt%
\let\@listi\@listI}   % Setting of \@listi added 9 Jun 87

%\def\small{\@setsize\small{3.0pt}\xipt\@xipt
\def\small{\@setsize\small{10pt}\xpt\@xpt

\abovedisplayskip 11pt plus3pt minus6pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip  \z@ plus3pt%   
\belowdisplayshortskip  6.5pt plus3.5pt minus3pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini %% Added 22 Dec 87
\parsep 4.5pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
            \itemsep \parsep
            \topsep 9pt plus 3pt minus 5pt}}

\def\footnotesize{\@setsize\footnotesize{12pt}\xpt\@xpt
\abovedisplayskip 10pt plus2pt minus5pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip  \z@ plus3pt%   
\belowdisplayshortskip  6pt plus3pt minus3pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini %% Added 22 Dec 87
\topsep 6pt plus 2pt minus 2pt\parsep 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}

\def\scriptsize{\@setsize\scriptsize{9.5pt}\viiipt\@viiipt}
\def\tiny{\@setsize\tiny{7pt}\vipt\@vipt}
%\def\large{\@setsize\large{12pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}
%
%
\def\large{\@setsize\large{12pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}   %
\def\buyuk{\@setsize\buyuk{16pt}\xivpt\@xivpt}   % tez başlığı için
\def\baslik{\@setsize\baslik{24pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}   % ozet/abstract/tesekkur başlıkları
%
%
\def\Large{\@setsize\Large{12pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}
\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{12pt}\xivpt\@xivt}
\def\huge{\@setsize\huge{12pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}
%\def\huge{\@setsize\huge{24pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}    % <6.7.1999 da degisti>
\let\Huge=\huge

\normalsize  % Choose the normalsize font.


%  ****************************************
%  *            PAGE LAYOUT               *
%  ****************************************
%
% All margin dimensions measured from a point one inch from top and side
% of page.  

% SIDE MARGINS:
\if@twoside                 % Values for two-sided printing:
   \oddsidemargin 0.5in     %   Left margin on odd-numbered pages.
   \evensidemargin 0.5in    %   Left margin on even-numbered pages.
   \marginparwidth 0pt      %   Width of marginal notes.
%\else                       % Values for one-sided printing:
%   \oddsidemargin 0.5in     %   Note that \oddsidemargin = \evensidemargin
%   \evensidemargin 0.5in
%   \marginparwidth 0pt 

\else                       % Values for one-sided printing:
   \oddsidemargin 15mm     %   25.4+15mm=40.4 mmm
   \evensidemargin 15mm
   \marginparwidth 0pt 

\fi
\marginparsep 10pt          % Horizontal space between outer margin and 
                            % marginal note


% VERTICAL SPACING:        
                         % Top of page:

\topmargin -10mm        % One inch less than the distance 
				% from the top edge of the paper to the top
				% of the page's head.
				% sayfa numaralarına üstten olan uzaklık
					%   25.4mm-10mm=15mm

\headheight 12pt         %    Height of box containing running head.

%\headsep 25pt            %    Space between running head and text.
\headsep 15mm            %    

\topskip = 10pt          %    '\baselineskip' for first line of page.

                         % Bottom of page:
\footskip 30pt           %    Distance from baseline of box containing foot 
                         %    to baseline of last line of text.


% DIMENSION OF TEXT:
% 24 Jun 86: changed to explicitly compute \textheight to avoid roundoff.
% The value of the multiplier was calculated as the floor of the
% old \textheight minus \topskip, divided by \baselineskip for \normalsize.
% The old value of \textheight was 536.5pt.
% \textheight is the height of text (including footnotes and figures, 
% excluding running head and foot).

				% Hacettepe dikey yazı uzunluğu en fazla 24.0cm
\textheight = 22.7cm   % 29.7cm-3cm-3cm-1 (sayfa numarası aralığı) = 22.7cm
				% 1 cm de topskip için...

\advance\textheight by \topskip

%\textwidth 6.0truein     % Width of text line.
\textwidth 14.5cm         % 

                         % For two-column mode: 
\columnsep 10pt          %    Space between columns 
\columnseprule 0pt       %    Width of rule between columns.

% A \raggedbottom command causes 'ragged bottom' pages: pages set to
% natural height instead of being stretched to exactly \textheight.

% FOOTNOTES:

\footnotesep 8.4pt    % Height of strut placed at the beginning of every
                      % footnote = height of normal \footnotesize strut,
                      % so no extra space between footnotes.

\skip\footins 10.8pt plus 4pt minus 2pt  % Space between last line of text and 
                                         % top of first footnote.

% FLOATS: (a float is something like a figure or table)
%
%  FOR FLOATS ON A TEXT PAGE:
%
%    ONE-COLUMN MODE OR SINGLE-COLUMN FLOATS IN TWO-COLUMN MODE:
\floatsep 14pt plus 2pt minus 4pt        % Space between adjacent floats moved
                                         % to top or bottom of text page.
\textfloatsep 20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt    % Space between main text and floats
                                         % at top or bottom of page.
\intextsep 14pt plus 4pt minus 4pt       % Space between in-text figures and 
                                         % text.
\@maxsep 20pt                            % The maximum of \floatsep, 
                                         % \textfloatsep and \intextsep (minus
                                         % the stretch and shrink).
%    TWO-COLUMN FLOATS IN TWO-COLUMN MODE:
\dblfloatsep 14pt plus 2pt minus 4pt     % Same as \floatsep for double-column
                                         % figures in two-column mode.
\dbltextfloatsep 20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt % \textfloatsep for double-column 
                                         % floats.
\@dblmaxsep 20pt                         % The maximum of \dblfloatsep and 
                                         % \dbltexfloatsep.

%  FOR FLOATS ON A SEPARATE FLOAT PAGE OR COLUMN:
%    ONE-COLUMN MODE OR SINGLE-COLUMN FLOATS IN TWO-COLUMN MODE:
\@fptop 0pt plus 1fil    % Stretch at top of float page/column. (Must be    
                         % 0pt plus ...)                                    
\@fpsep 1pt plus 1fil    % Space between floats on float page/column.       
\@fpbot 0pt plus 1fil    % Stretch at bottom of float page/column. (Must be 
                         % 0pt plus ... )                                   

%   DOUBLE-COLUMN FLOATS IN TWO-COLUMN MODE.
\@dblfptop 0pt plus 1fil % Stretch at top of float page. (Must be 0pt plus ...)
\@dblfpsep 10pt plus 2fil % Space between floats on float page.
\@dblfpbot 0pt plus 1fil % Stretch at bottom of float page. (Must be 
                         % 0pt plus ... )                                   
% MARGINAL NOTES:
%
\marginparpush 7pt       % Minimum vertical separation between two marginal 
                         % notes.


%  ****************************************
%  *           PARAGRAPHING               *
%  ****************************************
%
\parskip 0pt plus 1pt              % Extra vertical space between paragraphs.
\parindent 4em                     % Width of paragraph indentation.
%\topsep 10pt plus 4pt minus 6pt   % Extra vertical space, in addition to 
                                   % \parskip, added above and below list and
                                   % paragraphing environments.
\partopsep 3pt plus 2pt minus 2pt  % Extra vertical space, in addition to 
                                   % \parskip and \topsep, added when user
                                   % leaves blank line before environment.
%\itemsep 5pt plus 2.5pt minus 1pt % Extra vertical space, in addition to
                                   % \parskip, added between list items.
% See \@listI for values of \topsep and \itemsep
% (Change made 9 Jun 87)

% The following page-breaking penalties are defined

\@lowpenalty   51      % Produced by \nopagebreak[1] or \nolinebreak[1]
\@medpenalty  151      % Produced by \nopagebreak[2] or \nolinebreak[2]
\@highpenalty 301      % Produced by \nopagebreak[3] or \nolinebreak[3]

\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty    % Before a list or paragraph environment.
\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty    % After a list or paragraph environment.
\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty    % Between list items.

% \clubpenalty         % 'Club line'  at bottom of page.
% \widowpenalty        % 'Widow line' at top of page.
% \displaywidowpenalty % Math display widow line.
% \predisplaypenalty   % Breaking before a math display.
% \postdisplaypenalty  % Breaking after a math display.
% \interlinepenalty    % Breaking at a line within a paragraph.
% \brokenpenalty       % Breaking after a hyphenated line.


%    ****************************************
%    *        CHAPTERS AND SECTIONS         *
%    ****************************************
%
% Definition of \part moved to report.doc  19 Jan 88

% \@makechapterhead {TEXT} : Makes the heading for the \chapter command.
%

\def\@makechapterhead#1{             % Heading for \chapter command
%
%  \vspace*{50pt}                     % Space at top of text page.
%  Table of Contents başlığında fazla boşluk olduğundan kaldırıldı...
%
%
  { \parindent 0pt \raggedright 
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne     % IF secnumdepth > -1 THEN

%~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~BURAYI DEGISTIRDIM (ilker veya murat)
%      \huge\bf  \thechapter \@chapapp{.  }% Print 'Chapter' and number.
%      \par 
%     \vskip 20pt                 %   Space between number and title.
      \fi
%
% şimdiki 3 satırı da Ugur değiştirdi...
%    \Huge \bf                        % Title.
%    #1\par 
%    \nobreak                         % TeX penalty to prevent page break.
%
%    \Huge \bf  \thechapter \@chapapp{.  B\"{O}L\"{U}M }   % bölüm no. yaz 
    \large \bf  \thechapter \@chapapp{. }   % bölüm no. yaz 
%									\\  % satırbaşı yap
%
    #1\par                                 % Title.
    \nobreak                         % TeX penalty to prevent page break.
%    \vskip 40pt                      % Space between title and text.
                           % gereksiz aralık bırakılmasını önlemek için
						% çıkardım (7-5-1999)

  } }

% \@makeschapterhead {TEXT} : Makes the heading for the \chapter* command.
%

\def\@makeschapterhead#1{             % Heading for \chapter* command

%  \vspace*{50pt}                     % Space at top of page.
                          % gereksiz boşluk bırakmayın !

  { \parindent 0pt \raggedright 
    \Huge \bf                        % Title.
    #1\par 
    \nobreak                         % TeX penalty to prevent page break.
    \vskip 40pt                      % Space between title and text.
  } }

% \secdef{UNSTARCMDS}{STARCMDS} :
%    When defining a \chapter or \section command without using
%    \@startsection, you can use \secdef as follows:
%       \def\chapter { ... \secdef \CMDA \CMDB }
%       \def\CMDA    [#1]#2{ ...   % Command to define \chapter[...]{...}
%       \def\CMDB    #1{ ...       % Command to define \chapter*{...}

\def\chapter{\clearpage      % Starts new page.
   \thispagestyle{plain}     % Page style of chapter page is 'plain'
   \global\@topnum\z@        % Prevents figures from going at top of page.
   \@afterindenttrue         % Indent in first paragraph.  Change
   \secdef\@chapter\@schapter}   % to \@afterindentfalse for no indent.

\def\@chapter[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
        \refstepcounter{chapter}
        \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}
        \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect
        \numberline{\thechapter}#1}\else
      \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}\fi
   \chaptermark{#1}
   \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10pt}} % Adds between-chapter space
   \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10pt}} % to lists of figs & tables.
 

%************************************ 2 sütun için açıklama başı

  \if@twocolumn                                 % Tests for two-column mode.  
           \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]  
     \else \@makechapterhead{#2}
           \@afterheading                  % Routine called after chapter and
     \fi}                                  % section heading.


\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]
        \else \@makeschapterhead{#1} 
              \@afterheading\fi}

%************************************************ 2 sütun için açıklama sonu

% \@startsection {NAME}{LEVEL}{INDENT}{BEFORESKIP}{AFTERSKIP}{STYLE} 
%            optional * [ALTHEADING]{HEADING}
%    Generic command to start a section.  
%    NAME       : e.g., 'subsection'
%    LEVEL      : a number, denoting depth of section -- e.g., chapter=1,
%                 section = 2, etc.  A section number will be printed if
%                 and only if LEVEL < or = the value of the secnumdepth
%                 counter.
%    INDENT     : Indentation of heading from left margin
%    BEFORESKIP : Absolute value = skip to leave above the heading.  
%                 If negative, then paragraph indent of text following 
%                 heading is suppressed.
%    AFTERSKIP  : if positive, then skip to leave below heading,
%                       else - skip to leave to right of run-in heading.
%    STYLE      : commands to set style
%  If '*' missing, then increments the counter.  If it is present, then
%  there should be no [ALTHEADING] argument.  A sectioning command
%  is normally defined to \@startsection + its first six arguments.

\def\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-3.5ex plus -1ex minus 
    -.2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\Large\bf}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-3.25ex plus -1ex minus 
   -.2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex}{\large\bf}}
\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-3.25ex plus 
   -1ex minus -.2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\paragraph{\@startsection
     {paragraph}{4}{\z@}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\subparagraph{\@startsection
     {subparagraph}{4}{\parindent}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus 
     .2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bf}}

% Default initializations of \...mark commands.  (See below for their
% us in defining page styles.
%

\def\chaptermark#1{}
% \def\sectionmark#1{}           % Preloaded definitions
% \def\subsectionmark#1{}
% \def\subsubsectionmark#1{}
% \def\paragraphmark#1{}
% \def\subparagraphmark#1{}

% The value of the counter secnumdepth gives the depth of the
% highest-level sectioning command that is to produce section numbers.
%

\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}

% APPENDIX
%
% The \appendix command must do the following:
%    -- reset the chapter counter to zero
%    -- set \@chapapp to Appendix (for messages)
%    -- redefine the chapter counter to produce appendix numbers
%    -- reset the section counter to zero
%    -- redefine the \chapter command if appendix titles and headings are
%       to look different from chapter titles and headings.

\def\appendix{\par
  \setcounter{chapter}{0}
  \setcounter{section}{0}
  \def\@chapapp{Appendix}
  \def\thechapter{\Alph{chapter}}}


%    ****************************************
%    *                LISTS                 *
%    ****************************************
%

% The following commands are used to set the default values for the list
% environment's parameters. See the LaTeX manual for an explanation of
% the meanings of the parameters.  Defaults for the list environment are
% set as follows.  First, \rightmargin, \listparindent and \itemindent
% are set to 0pt.  Then, for a Kth level list, the command \@listK is
% called, where 'K' denotes 'i', 'ii', ... , 'vi'.  (I.e., \@listiii is
% called for a third-level list.)  By convention, \@listK should set
% \leftmargin to \leftmarginK.
%
% For efficiency, level-one list's values are defined at top level, and
% \@listi is defined to set only \leftmargin.

\leftmargini 2.5em
\leftmarginii 2.2em     % > \labelsep + width of '(m)'
\leftmarginiii 1.87em   % > \labelsep + width of 'vii.'
\leftmarginiv 1.7em     % > \labelsep + width of 'M.'
\leftmarginv 1em
\leftmarginvi 1em

\leftmargin\leftmargini
\labelsep .5em
\labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
%\parsep 5pt plus 2.5pt minus 1pt   %(Removed 9 Jun 87)

% \@listI defines top level and \@listi values of
% \leftmargin, \topsep, \parsep, and \itemsep
% (Added 9 Jun 87)
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \parsep 5pt plus 2.5pt minus 1pt%
\topsep 10pt plus 4pt minus 6pt%
\itemsep 5pt plus 2.5pt minus 1pt}

\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi 

\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
   \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
   \topsep 5pt plus 2.5pt minus 1pt
   \parsep 2.5pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
   \itemsep \parsep}

\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
    \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
    \topsep 2.5pt plus 1pt minus 1pt 
    \parsep \z@ \partopsep 1pt plus 0pt minus 1pt
    \itemsep \topsep}

\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
     \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}

\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
     \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}

\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
     \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}



%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%#####################    U G U R T 1 2 . S T Y    S O N U     ############
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################
%##########################################################################

\relax

% For some environments we switch back to single-spacing, also
% provides \dsp in case you need double-spacing where single-spacing
% is otherwise used.
\def\ssp{\def\baselinestretch{1.0}\large\normalsize}
%\def\dsp{\def\baselinestretch{1.37}\large\normalsize}
\def\dsp{\def\baselinestretch{1.50}\large\normalsize}


%    ****************************************
%    *                LISTS                 *
%    ****************************************
%

% ENUMERATE
%  Enumeration is done with four counters: enumi, enumii, enumiii
%  and enumiv, where enumN controls the numbering of the Nth level
%  enumeration.  The label is generated by the commands \labelenumi 
%  ... \labelenumiv.  The expansion of \p@enumN\theenumN defines the 
%  output of a \ref command.  
%
% 16 Mar 88 -- changed defs of \labelenum... to use \theenum...

\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}    
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}     
 
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}

\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}

\def\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
\def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}     
\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}

% ITEMIZE
% Itemization is controlled by four commands: \labelitemi, \labelitemii,
% \labelitemiii, and \labelitemiv, which define the labels of the various 
% itemization levels.

\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}
\def\labelitemii{\bf --}
\def\labelitemiii{$\ast$}
\def\labelitemiv{$\cdot$}


% VERSE
%   The verse environment is defined by making clever use of the
%   list environment's parameters.  The user types \\ to end a line.
%   This is implemented by \let'in \\ equal \@centercr.
%
\def\verse{\par\let\\=\@centercr  
  \list{}{\ssp\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent \itemindent 
	  \rightmargin\leftmargin\advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]}
\let\endverse\endlist

% QUOTATION
%   Fills lines
%   Indents paragraph
%   
\def\quotation{\par\list{}{\ssp\listparindent 1.5em
    \itemindent\listparindent
    \rightmargin\leftmargin\parsep 0pt plus 1pt}\item[]}
\let\endquotation=\endlist

% QUOTE -- same as quotation except no paragraph indentation,
%
\def\quote{\par\list{}{\ssp\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]}
\let\endquote=\endlist

% DESCRIPTION 
%
%  To change the formatting of the label, you must redefine 
%  \descriptionlabel.  

\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bf #1}
\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
       \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}

\let\enddescription\endlist

\newdimen\descriptionmargin
\descriptionmargin=3em


%    ****************************************
%    *         OTHER ENVIRONMENTS           *
%    ****************************************
%
%
% THEOREM 
% \@begintheorem ... \@endtheorem are the commands executed at the
% beginning and end of a (user-defined) theorem-like environment.
% Except \@opargbegintheorem is executed when an optional argument is
% given.  Cf. LATEX.TEX.
%
% \def\@begintheorem#1#2{\it \trivlist \item[\hskip \labelsep{\bf #1\ #2}]}
% \def\@opargbegintheorem#1#2#3{\it \trivlist
%       \item[\hskip \labelsep{\bf #1\ #2\ (#3)}]}
% \def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist}


% TITLEPAGE
%  In the normal environments, the titlepage environment does nothing but 
%  start and end a page, and inhibit page numbers.  It also resets the
%  page number to zero.  In two-column style, it still makes a one-column
%  page.
\def\titlepage{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
     \else \newpage \fi \thispagestyle{empty}\c@page\@ne}

\def\endtitlepage{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}

% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBB  K A P A K S A Y F A     BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

%  bu cevre-birim (environment) TITLEPAGE ile aynıdır.
%  görevi, yeni bir sayfa başlatmak ve bitirmek, sayfa numaralarını göstermemektir
%  ayrıca sayfa numaralarını da sıfırlar
%  iki sütunlu belgelerde tek sütun olarak düzenleme yapar... 
%  
%
%\def\kapaksayfa{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
%     \else \newpage \fi \thispagestyle{empty}\c@page\@ne}
%
%\def\endkapaksayfa{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}

\def\kapaksayfa{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
     \else \newpage \fi \thispagestyle{empty} \ssp}

\def\endkapaksayfa{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi \dsp}


% COPYRIGHTPAGE
%
% in the normal environments, the copyrightpage environment does nothing
% but start and end a page.  in two-column style it makes a one-column page.
%
\def\copyrightpage{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
     \else \newpage \fi\thispagestyle{empty}}

\def\endcopyrightpage{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}

% SIGNATUREPAGE
%
% in the normal environments, the copyrightpage environment does nothing
% but start and end a page.  in two-column style it makes a one-column
% page.
%
\def\signaturepage{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
     \else \newpage \fi}

\def\endsignaturepage{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}

% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB  İ M Z A    S A Y F A S I      BBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%
%
%  signature-page ile ayni (Uğur Baysal 12.4.1999)
%

\def\imzasayfa{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
     \else \newpage \fi}

\def\endimzasayfa{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}

% ABSTRACT
%
% copied from titlepage.sty except the word "abstract" is made larger.
%\def\abstract{\titlepage\null\vfil
%\begin{center}
%{\large\bf ABSTRACT}
%\end{center}}
%
%\def\endabstract{\par\vfil\null\endtitlepage}

% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB   Ö Z E T     BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

%
%  büyük puntolarla "ÖZET" yazısı dışında
%  titlepage.sty le aynıdır (Uğur Baysal 16.3.1999)
%
%\def\ozet{\titlepage\null\vfil  ---->ilk satır

%\def\ozet{\null\vfil
%\begin{center}
%{\large\bf \"{O}ZET}
%\end{center}}

%\def\endozet{\par\vfil\null\endtitlepage}
%\def\endtitlepage{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}

%\def\endozet{\par\vfil\null
%      \if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}

% burası Uğur baysal 'a aittir...

\def\ozet{
\clearpage
\begin{center}
{\baslik\bf \"{O}ZET}
\end{center}}

\def\endozet{\par\vfil\null}

% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB   A B S T R A C T      BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

%
%  bazı hatlarıyal titlepage.sty le aynıdır (Uğur Baysal 16.3.1999)
%  ancak sayfa numaraları basılır ve devam eder...
%  \def\ozet{\titlepage\null\vfil  ---->ilk satır

%\def\ingozet{\null\vfil
%\begin{center}
%{\large\bf ABSTRACT}
%\end{center}}

%\def\endingozet{\par\vfil\null
%     \if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}
%
% burası Uğur baysal 'a aittir...

\def\ingozet{
\clearpage
\begin{center}
{\large\bf ABSTRACT}
\end{center}}

\def\endingozet{\par\vfil\null}


% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB  T E Ş E K K Ü R      BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
% BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%
%
%  büyük puntolarla "TEŞEKKÜR" yazısı dışında
%  titlepage.sty le aynıdır (Uğur Baysal 16.3.1999)
%\def\tesekkur{\titlepage\null\vfil

\def\tesekkur{\null\vfil
\clearpage
\begin{center}
{\large\bf TE\c{S}EKK\"{U}R}
\end{center}}

%\def\endtesekkur{\par\vfil\null\endtitlepage}
\def\endtesekkur{\par\vfil\null
  \if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}


% ARRAY AND TABULAR
%

\arraycolsep 5pt     % Half the space between columns in an array environment.
\tabcolsep 6pt       % Half the space between columns in a tabular environment.
\arrayrulewidth .4pt % Width of rules in array and tabular environment.
\doublerulesep 2pt   % Space between adjacent rules in array or tabular env.

% We have to redefine array here in order to make it single-spaced.
% (Not sure if this is really necessary.)
\def\array{\let\@acol\@arrayacol \let\@classz\@arrayclassz
 \let\@classiv\@arrayclassiv \let\\\@arraycr\def\@halignto{}\@tabarray}

% TABBING
%
\tabbingsep \labelsep   % Space used by the \' command.  (See LaTeX manual.)

% We have to redefine tabular here in order to make it single-spaced.
\def\tabular{\par\ssp\def\@halignto{}\@tabular}

% MINIPAGE
%  \@minipagerestore is called upon entry to a minipage environment to
%  set up things that are to be handled differently inside a minipage
%  environment. In the current styles, it does nothing.
%
% \skip\@mpfootins : plays same role for footnotes in a minipage as
%                    \skip\footins does for ordinary footnotes

\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins

% FRAMEBOX
%
\fboxsep = 3pt    % Space left between box and text by \fbox and \framebox.
\fboxrule = .4pt  % Width of rules in box made by \fbox and \framebox.

% committee
% for the titlepage environment
%
\def\committeelabel{\hspace\labelsep}
\def\committee{Committee in charge:\par
    \list{}{\itemindent 0.25in \let\makelabel\relax}}
\let\endcommittee\endlist


%    ****************************************
%    *        CHAPTERS AND SECTIONS         *
%    ****************************************
%
% DEFINE COUNTERS:
%
% \newcounter{NEWCTR}[OLDCTR] : Defines NEWCTR to be a counter, which is 
%                               reset to zero when counter OLDCTR is stepped.  
%                               Counter OLDCTR must already be defined.

% Must redefine @startsection so that we always get indentation.
\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{\if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi

%   \par   % chapter 

\@tempskipa #4\relax
   \@afterindenttrue
   \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@ \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \relax\fi
   \if@nobreak \everypar{}\else
     \addpenalty{\@secpenalty}\addvspace{\@tempskipa}\fi \@ifstar
     {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}{\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}

\newcounter{part}
\newcounter {chapter}
\newcounter {section}[chapter]
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]

% For any counter CTR, \theCTR is a macro that defines the printed version
% of counter CTR.  It is defined in terms of the following macros:
%
%  \arabic{COUNTER} : The value of COUNTER printed as an arabic numeral.
%  \roman{COUNTER}  : Its value printed as a lower-case roman numberal.
%  \Roman{COUNTER}  : Its value printed as an upper-case roman numberal.
%  \alph{COUNTER}   : Value of COUNTER printed as a lower-case letter:
%                         1 = a, 2 = b, etc.
%  \Alph{COUNTER}   : Value of COUNTER printed as an upper-case letter:
%                           1 = A, 2 = B, etc.
%

\def\thepart          {\Roman{part}}
\def\thechapter       {\arabic{chapter}}
\def\thesection       {\thechapter.\arabic{section}}
\def\thesubsection    {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\def\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
\def\theparagraph     {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\def\thesubparagraph  {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
		     
% \@chapapp is initially defined to be 'Chapter'.  The \appendix
% command redefines it to be 'Appendix'.
%
\def\@chapapp{}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%                        PART                          %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\part{\cleardoublepage   % Starts new page.
   \thispagestyle{plain}     % Page style of part page is 'plain'
  \if@twocolumn              % IF two-column style
     \onecolumn              %  THEN \onecolumn
     \@tempswatrue           %       @tempswa := true
    \else \@tempswafalse     %  ELSE @tempswa := false
  \fi                        % FI
  \hbox{}\vfil               % Add fil glue to center title  
%%  \bgroup  \centering      % BEGIN centering %% Removed 19 Jan 88
  \secdef\@part\@spart}     


\def\@part[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax  % IF secnumdepth > -2
	\refstepcounter{part}                     %   THEN step part counter
	\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart      %        add toc line
	\hspace{1em}#1}\else                      %   ELSE add unnumbered line
	\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi        % FI
   \markboth{}{}
   {\centering                       % %% added 19 Jan 88
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax  % IF secnumdepth > -2
      \huge\bf Part \thepart         %   THEN Print 'Part' and number
    \par                             %         in \huge bold.
    \vskip 20pt \fi                  %        Add space before title.
    \Huge \bf                        % FI
    #1\par}\@endpart}                % Print Title in \Huge bold.
    
    
% \@endpart finishes the part page
%
\def\@endpart{\vfil\newpage   % End page with 1fil glue.
   \if@twoside                % IF twoside printing
       \hbox{}                %   THEN Produce totally blank page
       \thispagestyle{empty}  
       \newpage        
   \fi                        % FI
   \if@tempswa                % IF @tempswa = true       
     \twocolumn               %   THEN \twocolumn 
   \fi}                       % FI

\def\@spart#1{{\centering      % %% added 19 Jan 88
   \Huge \bf                   % Print title in \huge boldface
   #1\par}\@endpart}




%    ****************************************
%    *         TABLE OF CONTENTS, ETC.      *
%    ****************************************
%
% A \subsection command writes a 
%       \contentsline{subsection}{TITLE}{PAGE}
% command on the .toc file, where TITLE contains the contents of the
% entry and PAGE is the page number.  If subsections are being numbered,
% then TITLE will be of the form
%       \numberline{NUM}{HEADING}
% where NUM is the number produced by \thesubsection.  Other sectioning
% commands work similarly.  
%
% A \caption command in a 'figure' environment writes
%    \contentsline{figure}{\numberline{NUM}{CAPTION}}{PAGE}
% on the .lof file, where NUM is the number produced by \thefigure and
% CAPTION is the figure caption.  It works similarly for a 'table' environment.
%
% The command \contentsline{NAME} expands to \l@NAME.  So, to specify
% the table of contents, we must define \l@chapter, \l@section, 
% \l@subsection, ... ; to specify the list of figures, we must define
% \l@figure; and so on.  Most of these can be defined with the
% \@dottedtocline command, which works as follows.
%
% \@dottedtocline{LEVEL}{INDENT}{NUMWIDTH}{TITLE}{PAGE}
%    LEVEL    : An entry is produced only if LEVEL < or = value of 
%               'tocdepth' counter.  Note, \chapter is level 0, \section
%               is level 1, etc.
%    INDENT   : The indentation from the outer left margin of the start of 
%               the contents line.
%    NUMWIDTH : The width of a box in which the section number is to go,
%               if TITLE includes a \numberline command.
%   
% This command uses the following three parameters, which are set
% with a \def (so em's can be used to make them depend upon the font).
%   \@pnumwidth : The width of a box in which the page number is put.
%   \@tocrmarg  : The right margin for multiple line entries.  One
%                 wants \@tocrmarg > or = \@pnumwidth
%   \@dotsep    : Separation between dots, in mu units.  Should be \def'd to
%                 a number like 2 or 1.7

\def\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
\def\@tocrmarg {2.55em}
%\def\@dotsep{4.5}
\def\@dotsep{1.0}  % ugur yaptı   24-7-1999
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}

%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBB    İ Ç İ N D E K İ L E R    D İ Z İ N İ            BBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%
% TABLEOFCONTENTS
%  In ucthesis style, \tableofcontents, \listoffigures, etc. are always
%  set in single-column style.  @restonecol


% Single-space table of contents, add itself to the table of contents.
\def\tableofcontents{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
  \fi\chapter*{\begin{center}\.{I}\d{C}\.{I}NDEK\.{I}LER D\.{I}Z\.{I}N\.{I}\end{center}
  \@mkboth{\.{I}\d{C}\.{I}NDEK\.{I}LER D\.{I}Z\.{I}N\.{I}}
               {\.{I}\d{C}\.{I}NDEK\.{I}LER D\.{I}Z\.{I}N\.{I}}
%
%     -------------------------------------------- >>>       Sayfa
%   yazısının yazılması...
%
\begin{flushright} \underline{Sayfa} \end{flushright}
}

% bundan sonra fazladan 3 cm kadar boşluk bırakıyor. herhalde @starttoc komutu
% içinde tnımlanmış. Hacettepe de böyle bir boşluk yok.
% engellemek için negatif aralık bırakılıyor...
\vspace{-2.0cm}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\.{I}\d{C}\.{I}NDEK\.{I}LER D\.{I}Z\.{I}N\.{I}}

%  {\ssp\@starttoc{toc}}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
%
% Hacettepe Tez yazım fomratında İçindekiler Dizini 1.5 tam aralıklı
% olarak yazılıyor...
%
  {\dsp\@starttoc{toc}}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}



\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}
   \addvspace{2.25em plus 1pt}  % space above part line
   \begingroup
   \@tempdima 3em         % width of box holding part number, used by 
     \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth             %% \numberline
     \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth   
     {\large \bf          % set line in \large boldface
     \leavevmode          % TeX command to enter horizontal mode.       
     #1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
     \nobreak             % Never break after part entry
   \endgroup}


\def\l@chapter#1#2{\pagebreak[3] 
   \vskip 1.0em plus 1pt  % space above chapter line
   \@tempdima 1.5em       % width of box holding chapter number
   \begingroup
     \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth 
     \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth   
     \bf                  % Boldface.
     \leavevmode          % TeX command to enter horizontal mode.       
      \advance\leftskip\@tempdima  %% added 5 Feb 88 to conform to 
      \hskip -\leftskip            %% 25 Jan 88 change to \numberline
     #1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
   \endgroup}
      
%\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
%\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
%\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
%\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{10em}{5em}}
%\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{12em}{6em}}


%**** hacettepe tez yönetmeliğinde maddelerde extra left-indent yok.
% yani chapter, section, subsection vs. başlangıçları aynı hizadan ...
%
%
\def\l@chapter{\@dottedtocline{0}{0.1em}{1.3em}}
\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0.1em}{2.3em}}
\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{0.1em}{3.2em}}
\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{0.1em}{4.1em}}

%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBB    Ş E K İ L L E R    D İ Z İ N İ             BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%
% Single-space list of figures, add it to the table of contents.
\def\listoffigures{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
  \fi\chapter*{\begin{center}\d{S}EK\.{I}LLER D\.{I}Z\.{I}N\.{I}
  \end{center}\@mkboth
   {SEKILLER}{SEKILLER}
%
%     ----- >>>>   Şekil ---------------------------- >>>       Sayfa
%   yazısının yazılması...
%
\begin{flushright} \underline{\c{S}ekil} 
                   \hspace{11.5cm} 
                   \underline{Sayfa} \end{flushright}
}

% bundan sonra fazladan 3 cm kadar boşluk bırakıyor. herhalde @starttoc komutu
% içinde tnımlanmış. Hacettepe de böyle bir boşluk yok.
% engellemek için negatif aralık bırakılıyor...
\vspace{-2.0cm}

   \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\d{S}EK\.{I}LLER D\.{I}Z\.{I}N\.{I} }
%   {\ssp\@starttoc{lof}}\if@restonecol
%
% Hacettepe double-spaced olarak istiyor...
%
   {\dsp\@starttoc{lof}}\if@restonecol
    \twocolumn\fi}

\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}


%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBB    Ç İ Z E L G E L E R    D İ Z İ N İ            BBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
%
\def\listoftables{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
  \fi\chapter*{\begin{center}\c{C}\.{I}ZELGELER D\.{I}Z\.{I}N\.{I}
  \end{center}\@mkboth
   {TABLOLAR}{TABLOLAR}
%
%     ----- >>>>   Çizelge  ---------------------------- >>>       Sayfa
%   yazısının yazılması...
%
\begin{flushright} \underline{\c{C}izelge} 
                   \hspace{11.0cm} 
                   \underline{Sayfa} \end{flushright}
}

% bundan sonra fazladan 3 cm kadar boşluk bırakıyor. herhalde @starttoc komutu
% içinde tnımlanmış. Hacettepe de böyle bir boşluk yok.
% engellemek için negatif aralık bırakılıyor...
\vspace{-2.0cm}

   \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\c{C}\.{I}ZELGELER D\.{I}Z\.{I}N\.{I} }

%   {\ssp\@starttoc{lot}}\if@restonecol
%
%
%   Hacettepe double-spaced olarak istiyor ..
%
%   {\dsp\@cv{lot}}\if@restonecol = burada bir hata verdi, 
%                             önceki versiyona benzemediği için çıkardım...
%
    {\dsp\@starttoc{lot}}\if@restonecol
  \twocolumn\fi}

\let\l@table\l@figure



%    ****************************************
%    *             BIBLIOGRAPHY             *
%    ****************************************
%
% The thebibliography environment executes the following commands:
%
%  \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em} --
%      Defines the `closed' format, where the blocks (major units of 
%      information) of an entry run together.
%
%  \sloppy  -- Used because it's rather hard to do line breaks in 
%      bibliographies,
% 
%  \sfcode`\.=1000\relax --
%      Causes a `.' (period) not toproduce an end-of-sentence space.

\def\thebibliography#1{\chapter*{\begin{center}KAYNAKLAR\end{center}\@mkboth
  {KAYNAKLAR}{KAYNAKLAR}}
  \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{KAYNAKLAR}
  \list{[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}\leftmargin\labelwidth
    \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
    \usecounter{enumi}}
    \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em}
    \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
    \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}

\let\endthebibliography=\endlist

% \def\@biblabel#1{[#1]\hfill}  % Produces the label for a \bibitem[...]
				% command. 
% \def\@cite#1{[#1]}            % Produces the output of the \cite command.



%    ****************************************
%    *              THE INDEX               *
%    ****************************************
%
% THE THEINDEX ENVIRONMENT
% Produces double column format, with each paragraph a separate entry.
% The user commands \item, \subitem and \subsubitem are used to
% produce the entries, and \indexspace adds an extra vertical space
% that's the right size to put above the first entry with a new letter
% of the alphabet.

\newif\if@restonecol

\def\theindex{\@restonecoltrue\if@twocolumn\@restonecolfalse\fi
\columnseprule \z@

%\columnsep 35pt\twocolumn[\@makeschapterhead{Index}]
%    \@mkboth{INDEX}{INDEX}\thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
%    \parskip\z@ plus .3pt\relax\let\item\@idxitem}
%
%             yukarıdaki 3 satır çıkartılıp yerine aşağıdakiler kondu...
%             uğur baysal  13.4.1999
%
\columnsep 35pt\twocolumn[\@makeschapterhead{\.{I}NDEKS}]
    \@mkboth{\.{I}NDEKS}{\.{I}NDEKS}\thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
    \parskip\z@ plus .3pt\relax\let\item\@idxitem

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\.{I}NDEKS}
                                         }




\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40pt}

\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{20pt}}

\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{30pt}}

\def\endtheindex{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}

\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10pt plus 5pt minus 3pt\relax}


%    ****************************************
%    *             FOOTNOTES                *
%    ****************************************
%
% \footnoterule is a macro to draw the rule separating the footnotes from
% the text.  It should take zero vertical space, so it needs a negative
% skip to compensate for any positive space taken by the rule.  (See
% PLAIN.TEX.)

\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@   
%  \hrule width .4\columnwidth 
  \hrule width .5\columnwidth    % Hacettepe de sayfa yarısına kadar ....
  \kern 2.6\p@}                 % The \hrule has default height of .4pt .

% \newcounter{footnote}
\@addtoreset{footnote}{chapter}  % Numbers footnotes within chapters

%   \@makefntext{NOTE} :
%        Must produce the actual footnote, using \@thefnmark as the mark 
%        of the footnote and NOTE as the text.  It is called when effectively
%        inside a \parbox of width \columnwidth (i.e., with \hsize = 
%        \columnwidth).  
%
%        The following macro indents all lines of the footnote by 10pt, and 
%        indents the first line of a new paragraph by 1em.  To change these 
%        dimensions, just substitute the desired value for '10pt' [in both 
%        places] or '1em'.  The mark is flushright against the footnote. 
%          \long\def\@makefntext#1{\@setpar{\@@par\@tempdima \hsize 
%             \advance\@tempdima-10pt\parshape \@ne 10pt \@tempdima}\par
%             \parindent 1em\noindent \hbox to \z@{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1}
%
%        A simpler macro is used, in which the footnote text is
%        set like an ordinary text paragraph, with no indentation except
%        on the first line of a paragraph, and the first line of the 
%        footnote.  Thus, all the macro must do is set \parindent
%        to the appropriate value for succeeding paragraphs and put the 
%        proper indentation before mark.

\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 1em\noindent 
	    \hbox to 1.8em{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1}

% \@makefnmark : A macro to generate the footnote marker that goes
%    in the text.  Default used.
%

% Single-space footnotes.
\long\def\@footnotetext#1{\insert\footins{\ssp\footnotesize
    \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty 
    \splittopskip\footnotesep
    \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox \floatingpenalty \@MM
    \hsize\columnwidth \@parboxrestore
   \edef\@currentlabel{\csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}\@makefntext
    {\rule{\z@}{\footnotesep}\ignorespaces
      #1\strut}}}


%    ****************************************
%    *         FIGURES AND TABLES           *
%    ****************************************
% 
% Float placement parameters.  See LaTeX manual for their definition.
%
\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\def\topfraction{.7}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\def\bottomfraction{.3}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
\def\textfraction{.2}
\def\floatpagefraction{.5}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
\def\dbltopfraction{.7}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}

% \@makecaption{NUMBER}{TEXT} : Macro to make a figure or table caption.  
%      NUMBER : Figure or table number--e.g., 'Figure 3.2' 
%      TEXT   : The caption text.
%  Macro should be called inside a \parbox of right width, with \normalsize.
% changed 25 Jun 86 to fix according to Howard Trickey:
% instead of \unhbox\@tempboxa\par we do #1: #2\par

% Single-space long captions.
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
   \vskip 10pt 
   \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1: #2}
   \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize   % IF longer than one line:
       {\ssp#1: #2}\par           %   THEN set as ordinary paragraph.
     \else                        %   ELSE  center.
       \hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}  
   \fi
\vskip 10pt   % tek satırlı şekil altyazılarından sonra da biraz boşluk bırakılsın
}

% To define a float of type TYPE (e.g., TYPE = figure), the document style 
% must define the following.
%
%  \fps@TYPE   : The default placement specifier for floats of type TYPE.
%
%  \ftype@TYPE : The type number for floats of type TYPE.  Each TYPE has
%                associated a unique positive TYPE NUMBER, which is a power 
%                of two.  E.g., figures might have type number 1, tables type 
%                number 2, programs type number 4, etc.
%
%  \ext@TYPE   : The file extension indicating the file on which the 
%                contents list for float type TYPE is stored.  For example, 
%                \ext@figure = 'lof'.
%
%  \fnum@TYPE  : A macro to generate the figure number for a caption.
%                For example, \fnum@TYPE == \figure \thefigure.
%
%  The actual float-making environment commands--e.g., the commands
%  \figure and \endfigure--are defined in terms of the macros \@float
%  and \end@float, which are described below.
%
%  \@float{TYPE}[PLACEMENT] : Macro to begin a float environment for a 
%     single-column float of type TYPE with PLACEMENT as the placement 
%     specifier.  The default value of PLACEMENT is defined by \fps@TYPE.   
%     The environment is ended by \end@float.  
%     E.g., \figure == \@float{figure}, \endfigure == \end@float.


% FIGURE

\newcounter{figure}[chapter]
\def\thefigure{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@figure}

\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{\c{S}ekil \thefigure}   % bu satır şekil altyazısının başındaki Şekil yazısını yazar
\def\figure{\@float{figure}}
\let\endfigure\end@float
\@namedef{figure*}{\@dblfloat{figure}}
\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}

% TABLE
%
\newcounter{table}[chapter]
\def\thetable{\thechapter.\@arabic\c@table}

\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{\c{C}izelge \thetable}
\def\table{\@float{table}}
\let\endtable\end@float
\@namedef{table*}{\@dblfloat{table}}
\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}



%    ****************************************
%    *            PAGE STYLES               *
%    ****************************************
%
% The page style 'foo' is defined by defining the command \ps@foo.  This
% command should make only local definitions.  There should be no stray
% spaces in the definition, since they could lead to mysterious extra
% spaces in the output.
%
% The \ps@... command defines the macros \@oddhead, \@oddfoot,
% \@evenhead, and \@evenfoot to define the running heads and
% feet---e.g., \@oddhead is the macro to produce the contents of the
% heading box for odd-numbered pages.  It is called inside an \hbox of
% width \textwidth.
%
% To make headings determined by the sectioning commands, the page style
% defines the commands \chaptermark, \sectionmark, ... , where
% \chaptermark{TEXT} is called by \chapter to set a mark, and so on.
% The \...mark commands and the \...head macros are defined with the
% help of the following macros.  (All the \...mark commands should be
% initialized to no-ops.)
%
% MARKING CONVENTIONS:
% LaTeX extends TeX's \mark facility by producing two kinds of marks
% a 'left' and a 'right' mark, using the following commands:
%     \markboth{LEFT}{RIGHT} : Adds both marks.
%     \markright{RIGHT}      : Adds a 'right' mark.
%     \leftmark  : Used in the \@oddhead, \@oddfoot, \@evenhead or \@evenfoot
%                  macro, gets the current 'left'  mark.  Works like TeX's 
%                  \botmark command.
%     \rightmark : Used in the \@oddhead, \@oddfoot, \@evenhead or \@evenfoot
%                  macro, gets the current 'right'  mark.  Works like TeX's 
%                  \firstmark command.
% The marking commands work reasonably well for right marks 'numbered 
% within' left marks--e.g., the left mark is changed by a \chapter command and
% the right mark is changed by a \section command.  However, it does
% produce somewhat anomalous results if two \bothmark's occur on the same page.
% 
% Commands like \tableofcontents that should set the marks in some page styles
% use a \@mkboth command, which is \let by the pagestyle command (\ps@...)
% to \markboth for setting the heading or \@gobbletwo to do nothing.

\mark{{}{}}   % Initializes TeX's marks

% \ps@empty defined in LATEX.TEX

% Definition of 'headings' page style 
%  Note the use of ##1 for parameter of \def\chaptermark inside the
%  \def\ps@headings.
%

\if@twoside         % If two-sided printing.
\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth
\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenfoot{}%       No feet.
\def\@evenhead{\rm \thepage\hfil \sl \leftmark}%        Left heading.
\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl \rightmark \hfil \rm\thepage}% Right heading.
\def\chaptermark##1{\markboth {\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
      \@chapapp\ \thechapter. \ \fi ##1}}{}}%
\def\sectionmark##1{\markright {\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\z@
   \thesection. \ \fi ##1}}}}
\else               % If one-sided printing.
\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth
\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenfoot{}%     No feet.
\def\@oddhead{\hbox {}\sl \rightmark \hfil 
    %%%%%%%%%%%%
     \rm\thepage }                 % Heading.
    %%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\chaptermark##1{\markright {\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
  \@chapapp\ \thechapter. \ \fi ##1}}}}
\fi

% Definition of 'myheadings' page style.  
%
\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl\rightmark \hfil \rm\thepage}%
\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenhead{\rm \thepage\hfil\sl\leftmark\hbox {}}%
\def\@evenfoot{}\def\chaptermark##1{}\def\sectionmark##1{}%
\def\subsectionmark##1{}}

% Definition of 'plain' page style.
%
\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\markboth
\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenfoot{}                         % no feet
%\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\hfil\rm\thepage}                  % heading (right)

\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\hfil\hspace{15.2cm} 
%
%
%\rm\thepage                      }       % sayfa numaraları burada veriyor 
{\rm \small\thepage}                      }       

%
%
\def\@evenhead{\rm\thepage\hfil\hbox{}}}                % heading (left)


%    ****************************************
%    *            MISCELLANEOUS             *
%    ****************************************
%
% DATE
%
\def\today{\ifcase\month\or
  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
  \space\number\day, \number\year}

% EQUATION and EQNARRAY -- put here because it must follow \chapter definition
%
% \newcounter{equation}    
%
\@addtoreset{equation}{chapter}   % Makes \chapter reset 'equation' counter.

\def\theequation{\thechapter.\arabic{equation}}

% \jot = 3pt      % Extra space added between lines of an eqnarray environment

% The macro \@eqnnum defines how equation numbers are to appear in equations.
%
\def\@eqnnum{(\theequation) \hspace{2.0cm}} 
% 


%    ****************************************
%    *           INITIALIZATION             *
%    ****************************************
%
% Default initializations

\ps@plain                   % 'plain' page style
\pagenumbering{roman}       % Roman page numbers
\onecolumn                  % Single-column.
\if@twoside\else\raggedbottom\fi % Ragged bottom unless twoside option.

\sloppy   %türkçe heceleme zorlukları nedeniyle rahat paragraflar kullanılsın...